REPAID TRANSACTIONS
gold coast hinterland
Loan Limit: $2,107,000
LVR: 70%
Security: First Mortgage
Investor IRR: 9.77% p.a.
Term: 9 months
The purpose of this loan was to assist with the purchase of a residential acreage dwelling in the Gold Coast hinterland.
The Borrower is a repeat client of Pillarview. He benefits from a strong financial position, and wouild ordinarily have sought and been able to obtain a conventional homeloan for the purchase from his mainstream bank, however the contract settlement was to occur in a short period of time and over the christmas holiday break and as such, he approached Pillarview to provide the loan, and ensure the settlement date was not missed.
The loan was later refinanced duiing the 9-month loan term, using the Borrower's mainstream lender.
Brisbane inner
Loan Limit: $5,860,000
LVR: 67% of as if complete
Security: First Mortgage
Investor IRR: 9.76% p.a.
Term: 8 months
The Borrower is a repeat client of PillarView who has proven their development expertise and ability to successfully repay debt within arrangements.
The Borrower had utilised a construction loan from another lender to assist with a 7 townhouse project in an inner city suburb of Brisbane.
Due to delays in construction, an extension to the loan term was sought however the other lender was not willing to provide an extension on fair commercial terms.
The Borrower had obtained sufficient presales to provide over 100% coverage of debt.
This, together with our knowledge of the Borrower's financial position and development experience enabled PillarView to provide a loan to refinance the existing debt on more favourable terms than those provided by the outgoing lender.
The loan was repaid using the sales proceeds from the completed stock upon completion.
gold coast hinterland
Loan Limit: $1,190,000
LVR: 70%
Security: First Mortgage
Investor IRR: 10.00% p.a.
Term: 6 months
The purpose of this loan was to assist with the purchase of a townhouse development site in the Gold Coast Hinterland.
The Borrower is a repeat Pillarview client who has displayed impeccable account conduct and repaid all debt within arrangements.
During the 6-month loan term, the Borrower obtained a DA and negotiated a build contract for the construction of the project, after which time the Pillarview loan was refinanced with a construction loan from a major bank lender.
sunshine coast
Loan Limit: $3,476,900
LVR: 70% of as if complete
Security: First Mortgage
Investor IRR: 9.87% p.a.
Term: 15 months
The Borrower was a repeat client of Pillarview who had proven their development expertise, and ability to successfully repay debt within arrangements.
Pillarview had initially provided a loan to assist with the purchase of the residential development site which had not yet had Development Approval granted.
The Borrower obtained the DA and negotiated a building contract during the term of the original loan. Subsequently, this loan was refinanced internally to assist with the delivery of the subdivision project.
Upon completion of the project, the loan was repaid with a residual stock loan against the individually titled allotments.
Inner City Brisbane
Loan Limit: $5,850,000
LVR: 36% of the as-is value
Security: First Mortgage
Investor IRR: 10.08% p.a.
Term: 12 months
PillarView provided a loan to refinance the Borrower's existing debt facility against a DA Approved site in inner Brisbane, and provide 'cash-out' to assist with development costs associated with the project. The loan was a low 36% LVR against the as-is security value.
The site is located in a Priority Development Area of Brisbane and benefitted from an existing DA for the construction of 136 residential units.
A minor change application had been made to alter the configuration and enable a greater Gross Realisation.
The 12-month term was provided to allow the Borrower to obtain the Minor Change Approval, negotiate a building contract, market the end produce, and obtain the required approvals to begin construction.
The loan was repaid within arrangements, prior to the expiry date.
SUNSHINE COAST
Loan Limit: $1,339,000.00
LVR: 65% of the as-is value
Security: First Mortgage
Investor IRR: 8.50%
Term: 12 months
This was a loan provided to a previous Pillarview Borrower, to assist with the purchase of a future residential subdivision site in the Sunshine Coast.
Pillarview was able to offer higher gearing than the rest of the market based on the quality of the asset, and the proven track record of the Borrower. This minimised the cash required from the Borrower.
The loan was refinanced with a construction loan from Pillarview.
BRISBANE WEST
Loan Limit: $1,170,000
LVR: 83.6% of the as-is value
Security: Second Mortgage
Investor IRR: 23.8% p.a.
Term: 6 months
The Borrower is an experienced developer who had several projects underway. The Pillarview loan was required to assist with the refinance of the land debt, and was secured by a 2nd mortgage against the 7 townhouse project, behind a well regarded first mortgage construction lender.
Additional gearing was required by the Borrower to enable him to maximise cashflow, and see his existing projects through to completion. Additional mortgages were taken over the Borrower's other residential assets, providing makeweight security, and enabling an LVR of 83.6% of the as if complete value.
The loan was refinanced at the end of the loan term.
Brisbane inner
Loan Limit: $1,300,000
LVR: 65% of the as-is value
Security: First Mortgage
Investor IRR: 8.81% p.a.
Term: 6 months
The Borrower was an experienced developer and project manager, who had also borrowed from Pillarview in the past.
The loan was provided to assist with the purchase of a Queenslander on an 800m2 site.
The term of the loan was sufficient for the Borrower to obtain a Development Approval for the subdivision of the site and construction of a new dwelling.
The loan was successfully repaid within all arrangements, via a new construction loan from another lender
sunshine coast
Loan Limit: $1,573,325
LVR: 65% of the as-is value
Security: First Mortgage
Investor IRR: 8.50% p.a.
Term: 6 months
This was another loan to a repeat PillarView Borrower who, time and again, has proven his ability to deliver on his projects and repay debt within arrangements.
The purpose of this loan was to assist with the purchase of a residential development site, which had not yet had Development Approval granted.
The property was improved with two residences in good condition, enabling Pillarview to offer higher gearing than would normally be available against a pre-DA site.
This allowed the Borrower to complete the sale while maximising his cash position.
The Borrower obtained a Development Approval for the subdivision of the site, and after negotiating a construction contract with a civil contractor to complete the works, the loan was refinanced internally by Pillarview, with a new construction loan.
BRISBANE NORTH
Loan Limit: $1,240,275.00
LVR: 60% of the as-is value
Security: First Mortgage
Investor IRR: 8.85%
Term: 6 months
This loan was provided to assist with the purchase of a DA Approved subdivision site.
The Borrower was a managed investment entity, and therefore the Directors were not willing to provide personal guarantees as security for the loan.
Pillarview was able to offer a loan at 60% gearing, with no recourse to the Directors of the Borrower, based on the group's development experence, and the quality of the asset.
The Borrower amended the DA to achieve a higher yield, and subsequently sold the site and repaid all debt within the loan term.
SOUTH WEST SYDNEY
Loan Limit: $860,000.00
LVR: 34% of the as-is value
Security: First Mortgage
Investor IRR: 8.75%
Term: 18 months
This loan provided 'cash-out' against an unencumbered club premises, to assist with the refurbishment to the internal fitout of the building. Since the Borrower is a registered club and not a proprietary company, Personal Guarantees from the Directors were not able to be offered as security for the loan.
Pillarview was able to to waive the requirement for Personal Guarantees based on the strengths of the transaction, including the very low LVR of < 35% of the security value.
BRISBANE north
Loan Limit: $1,673,750.00
LVR: 65% of the as-is value
Security: First Mortgage
Investor IRR: 7.50% p.a.
Term: 12 months
PillarView provided a loan to assist with the purchase of a childcare development site.
The loan term allowed sufficient time for the Borrower to obtain a DA and negotiate a building contract for the construction of the child care centre, after which time, the loan was refinanced with a construction loan from another Lender.
BRISBANE north
Loan Limit: $1,506,655.00
LVR: 70% of as-if-complete
Security: First Mortgage
Investor IRR: 7.85% p.a.
Term: 7 months
This construction loan was provided to assist with a 5 Lot residential subdivision in a high-growth suburb in North Brisbane.
The Borrower had marketed and obtained presales for four out of the five Lots, resulting in over 100% debt cover on the proposed debt. Pillarview was able to provide a market-leading 70% LVR based on the presale position, the experience of the Borrower, and the involvement of a well-known and experienced civil contractor.
The developer experienced some delays during construction and a short extension was provided. The loan was successfully repaid from sales proceeds upon completion.
BRISBANE SOUTH
Loan Limit: $735,000.00
LVR: 65% of the as-is value
Security: First Mortgage
Investor IRR: 7.85% p.a.
Term: 6 months
The loan was used to purchase a splitter-block in Brisbane's inner south.
The Borrower subsequently demolished the existing post-war house, and subdivided the land using his own cash resources.
The loan term of 6 months allowed sufficient time for the Borrower to sub-divide and obtain sealed plans for two separate titles. Once this had occurred, the loan was refinanced with a construction loan from a major bank.
newcastle
Loan Limit: $1,950,000
LVR: 56% of the as-is value
Security: First Mortgage
Investor IRR: 8.0% p.a.
Term: 12 months
This loan was given to refinance an existing land bank facility, secured by a master-planned future residential development site.
The Borrower was a very experienced and prolific developer.
The loan was repaid using cash resources following the completion and sale of another development project.
brisbane inner
Loan Limit: $1,485,000
LVR: 84% of as if complete
Security: Second Mortgage
Investor IRR: 31.97% p.a.
Term: 8 months
This loan was a mezzanine facility secured by a second-ranking mortgage over a townhouse development project in an inner city suburb of Brisbane.
Pillarview also held the first-mortgage secured construction loan.
The Borrower is an experienced developer who had other projects under construction. This second mortgage loan facility enabled him to maximise his cashflow, and see his existing projects through to completion.
The Borrower had obtained unconditional presales sufficient to provide 100% coverage of the total first- and second- mortgage debt and, upon completion, the Pillarview loans were repaid using sales proceeds from the completed stock
brisbane south
Loan Limit: $1,111,285
LVR: 55%
Security: First Mortgage
Investor IRR: 9.25% p.a.
Term: 3 months
This loan was provided to assist with the purchase of a commercial development site.
The property was under contract with a long settlement, during which time the Borrower had obtained a DA for the construction of a tilt-slab building, and had entered into an Agreement for Lease with a quality tenant to occupy the building upon completion.
The loan term of 3 months was provided to allow the Borrower to finalise the building costs enter into a building contract, and obtain a building approval.
The loan was refinanced with a construction loan prior to the end of the loan term.
inner brisbane
Loan Limit: $5,015,000
LVR: 71.6% of the as-is value
Security: First Mortgage
Investor IRR: 9.48% p.a.
Term: 9 months
The Borrower was an experienced commercial property leasing agent and commercial property developer.
The loan was provided to refinance existing bank debt and was secured by a first mortgage over the subject commercial property, and a 2nd mortgage over the Borrower's residence.
During the 9-month loan term, the Borrower marketed and obtained pre-committed lease agreements and finalised the costings for the refurbishment of the building and tenancy areas, after which time, he was able to repay the Pillarview debt with a construction loan from another Lender.
REGIONAL QLD
Loan Limit: $1,120,000
LVR: 70% of the as-is value
Security: First Mortgage
Investor IRR: 10.08% p.a.
Term: 6 months
The purpose of this loan was to assist with the purchase of a commercial development site which had Development Approval to be subdivided into three Lots.
Proposed Lot 1 was to be a future residential subdivision site; Proposed Lot 2 had a further Approval for a 99-place child care facility and Proposed Lot 3 was intended to be a future commercial development site.
The loan was repaid by the Borrower within arrangements before the expiry date.
BRISBANE EAST
Loan Limit: $2,160,000.00
LVR: 65% of the as-if-complete valuation
Security: First Mortgage
Investor IRR: 8.45% p.a.
Term: 15 months
The Borrower had applied to Pillarview for a construction loan to assist with his 4-townhouse project after he had received a valuation which provided lower values for the completed townhouses than anticipated.
The Borrower had obtained qualifying presales at a significantly higher price than the value assessed by a valuer and, as such, PillarView was able to assess the project and it's profitability against the selling price rather than the valuation, and provide a loan which would be unavailable from another lender.
The Borrower successfully completed and sold the project and the debt was repaid from the proceeds of the completed stock.
GREATER BRISBANE
Loan Limit: $750,000
LVR: 82.5% of the as-is value
Security: Second Mortgage
Investor IRR: 25.0% p.a.
Term: 6 months
Pillarview's ethos rests on building quality relationships with our Investors, our Borrowers and other professionals, and we are proud to have repeat Borrowers who trust us to provide fair and equitable loan terms in market leading timeframes.
This loan was provided to a repeat Borrower to assist with the purchase of a development site. The site was identified and placed under contract with an extended settlement timeframe, however due to delays the completion and subsequent sale of two of his existing projects, he did not have the available funds to complete the purchase at the required date.
This loan was secured by 2nd mortgages against the subject site, as well as other assets owned by the Borrower, and enabled the Borrower to draw on this equity and complete the sale.
The loan was successfully repaid following the completion and sale of his other projects.
brisbane nth bayside
Loan Limit: $1,700,000
LVR: 65% of the as-is value
Security: First Mortgage
Investor IRR: 8.13% p.a.
Term: 6 months
This loan was provided to a repeat Borrower to assist with the purchase of a residential dwelling on two Lots.
The 6-month loan term was provided to give the Borrower sufficient time to lodge and obtain the required approvals to demolish the existing house and build two new dwellings.
As intended, once the approvals were held, this loan was refinanced via a construction loan from another financier.
BRISBANE inner west
Loan Limit: $8,893,000.00
LVR: 65% of as-if-complete
Security: First mortgage
Investor IRR: 11.13%
Term: 9 months
Pillarview provided a loan to assist with the acquisition of the riverfront development site in Brisbane, and the subsequent subdivision into 5 large residential Lots.
Pillarview did not require presales, based on the high demand of the as-if-complete product, and on the strength of the Borrower.
Four of the five Lots were sold during the loan term, with the Borrower choosing to retain the fifth.
The loan was fully repaid within arrangements upon completion of the project.
WEST MELBOURNE
Loan Limit: $5,890,000.00
LVR: 66.6%
Security: First Mortgage
Investor IRR: 6.55%
Term: 13 months
Pillarview provided a construction loan to assist with the construction of a 146-place childcare centre in Victoria.
The Borrower was a highly experienced child care centre developer, and had also secured a tenant to lease the child care centre upon completion on attractive terms, as well as a presale for the centre upon completion.
Based on these clear exit strategies, Pillarview was able to offer higher gearing than a mainstream Lender.
BRISBANE South
Loan Limit: $2,256,500.00
LVR: 70% of as-if-complete
Security: First Mortgage
Investor IRR: 7.79% p.a.
Term: 7 months
This construction loan was provided to assist with a 7 Lot residential subdivision in Brisbane's south.
The Borrower had marketed and obtained presales for four out of the seven Lots, resulting in approximately 80% coverage of the proposed debt. With the presales in place, and an experienced contractor engaged to complete the works, Pillarview was able to provide high gearing of 70% LVR.
The developer experienced some delays due to heavy weather, however was able to successfully manage the project and repay all debt within arrangements upon completion
Various interstate
Loan Limit: $1,933,750.00
LVR: 65% of the as-is value
Security: First Mortgage
Investor IRR: 8.13% p.a.
Term: 6 months
The loan was provided to assist with the purchase of two childcare development sites, located in regional QLD and NSW. An unencumbered development site in regional QLD was used as additional security. The Borrower is a highly experienced child care centre developer, and Pillarivew was willing to lend against the regional sites given their proven track record of successfully delivering similar child care projects in similar locations.
This loan was repaid via the refinance with a construciton loan from another Lender as planned, with capital and income being paid to our investors.
inner brisbane
Loan Limit: $887,250.00
LVR: 65% of the as-is value
Security: First Mortgage
Investor IRR: 7.85% p.a.
Term: 6 months
Pillarview provided a loan to assist with the purchase a future residential development site, comprised of two neighbouring properties.
The loan term was sufficient to allow the Borrower to obtain a DA for the construction of six townhouses and negotiate a fixed price building contract for the works.
The Borrower took advantage of the rising property market and sold the two properties as-is and fully repaid the loan.
brisbane north
Loan Limit: $1,700,000
LVR: 41% on completion
Security: First Mortgage
Investor IRR: 8.48% p.a.
Term: 9months
This loan was part of a wider re-structure for the Borrower, which provided a refinance and equity release, enabling one business partner to buy out the other.
Loan funds were then used to complete construction of a commercial asset.
This loan was refinanced by a major bank upon completion of works.
All capital and interest was successfully paid to investors prior to the expiry of the loan term.
BRISBANE south
Loan Limit: $971,250.00
LVR: 65% of the as-is value
Security: First Mortgage
Investor IRR: 7.75% p.a.
Term: 12 months
This loan was provided to assist with the purchase of vacant land childcare development site.
The loan term allowed sufficient time for the Borrower to obtain a DA and negotiate a build contract for the construction of the child care centre.
The loan was subsequently repaid via a refinance with a construction loan from a major bank.
MEZZANINE FINANCE Melbourne
Loan Limit: $2,649,320
LVR: 60%, including first mortgage debt
Security: Second Mortgage
Investor IRR: 16.0% p.a.
Term: 12 months
Pillarview provided a second mortgage loan facility, behind a major bank's construction loan, to assist with the internal fitout of a medical centre.
This enabled the fitout to be completed while the building itself was under construction, allowing the Borrower to occupy the premises immediately upon completion.
The loan was refinanced via a term loan from a major bank upon completion of the property, and once the premises was fully leased.
Various - vic
Loan Limit: $629,000
LVR: 70%
Security: Second Mortgage
Investor IRR: 18.50% p.a.
Term: 9 months
The Borrower was beginning a large residential subdivision project and required a release of equity against a portfolio of residential properties, to provide cash to pay a performance bond to the relevant council authority before they could begin works on the project.
The loan was secured by second mortgages over the residential investment properties, ranking behind the Borrower's home loan lender.
Pillarview's second mortgage loan brought the total combined LVR to 70% of the aggregate security valuation.
The loan balance was reduced via the progressive sale of security properties, with the remaining balance repaid within arrangements via a refinance using the Borrower's mainstream lender.
inner city brisbane
Loan Limit: $5,850,000
LVR: 35.8% of the as is value
Security: First Mortgage
Investor IRR: 10.08% p.a.
Term: 12 months
PillarView provided a loan to refinance the Borrower's existing debt facility against a DA Approved site in inner-city Brisbane, and provide 'cash-out' to assist with development costs associated with the project. The loan was a low 36% LVR against the as-is security value.
The site was located in a Priority Development Area of Brisbane and benefitted from a DA for the construction of 136 residential units.
A minor change application had been made to alter the configuration and enable a greater Gross Realisation.
A 12-month term was providedto allow the Borrower to obtain the Minor Change Approval, negotiate a building contract, market the end product for sale, and obtain the required approvals to begin construction.
The Borrower subsequently refinanced the PillarView loan with a construction loan from a mainstream lender.
Greater Brisbane
Loan Limit: $4,830,000
LVR: 62.6% of the as-is value
Security: First Mortgage
Investor IRR: 12.2% p.a.
Term: 12 months
This loan was provided to enable repayment of debt, and division of assets following a marital separation.
The loan was secured by 1st mortgages over two commercial- and three residential properties throughout greater Brisbane. Additional 'makeweight' security was taken in the form of a 2nd mortgage over a luxury residential dwelling in Brisbane city.
The Borrower sold two of the security properties during the loan term to reduce debt, and subsequently refinanced Pillarview with a loan from another lender.
OUTER BRISBANE STH
Loan Limit: $2,010,000
LVR: 55% of the as-is value
Security: First Mortgage
Investor IRR: 8.09% p.a.
Term: 6 months
This loan was provided to assist with the sale of the subject property to a related party, as part of a wider group restructure.
The security property had been earmarked for future development; the loan term allowed sufficient time for the Borrower to obtain the required approvals and negotiate a construction contract to build a large-scale self-storage facility.
Pillarview's solution provided the Borrower with flexibility and a higher level of gearing than would have been achievable from a more mainstream Lender.
The loan was repaid within the term, with a construction loan from a mainstream lender.
brisbane south
Loan Limit: $624,000
LVR: 65% of the as-is value
Security: First Mortgage
Investor IRR: 8.40% p.a.
Term: 6 months
This loan was provided to a repeat Borrower to assist with the purchase of a future development site.
The six-month loan term was provided to allow the Borrower to obtain a Development Approval for the subdivision of the site to create six residential land Lots.
The Borrower repaid the loan within the loan term.
Regional QLD
Loan Limit: $1,163,500
LVR: 70% of the as-is value
Security: First Mortgage
Investor IRR: 8.63% p.a.
Term: 9 months
The Borrower was a highly experienced developer whose business model is to identify and acquire childcare development sites, negotiate agreements for Lease with established National childcare operators, and then purpose-build childcare centres according to these tenants' specifications.
The purpose of the loan was to assist with the finalisation of the Development Approvals on the two properties, as well as provide reimbursement for the costs met by the Borrower to date for the two other projects under construction.
The loan was secured by two such sites which were owned by the Borrower unencumbered. In this instance, Pillarview was able to extend a 70% LVR against the regional properties on the basis of the Borrower's financial strength, and their experience, displayed by their proven track record delivering such developments.
Pillarview requires a clear exit strategy for all its loans. The 9-month term provided the Borrower sufficient time to obtain Development Approvals from Council, and negotiate building contracts for the delivery of the proposed centres, after which time the loan was refinanced with a construction loan from a mainstream lender.
Sunshine coast
Loan Limit: $1,380,000
LVR: 51% of the as-is value
Security: First Mortgage
Investor IRR: 10.08% p.a.
Term: 6 months
This loan was provided to assist with the purchase of a residential investment property in South Australia. The loan itself was secured by the Borrower's property in the Sunshine Coast area.
This bridging type loan fully-funded the purchase price of the new property, and allowed the Borrower to move quickly in making an offer and completing the purchase.
The loan featured prepaid interest for the full 6-month term, and was successfully repaid wthin arrangements upon the sale of the Sunshine Coast property.
noosaville
Loan Limit: $1,836,250.00
LVR: 65%
Security: First Mortgage
Investor IRR: 8.0%
Term: 12 months
Pillarview was approached by a Broker who had a loan application declined by a major bank just a week before settlement of the property purchase was due.
Pillarview was able to approve the loan application, raise funds from our Membership base, document the loan and be ready for settlement within 6 days of first contact.
This enabled the purchase to go ahead as planned, and prevented the Borrower from potentially losing the deposit he had paid under the terms of the Contract of Sale.
This loan was refinanced by another lender following the initial loan term.
inner BRISBANE nth
Loan Limit: $3,250,000.00
LVR: 57% of the total security
Security: Second Mortgage
Investor IRR: 14.05%
Term: 6 months
The Borrower approached Pillarview after being let down by their existing financier who declined his application for finance to purchase a development site in Brisbane's Inner North only 2 weeks before settlement was to occur.
The Borrower had equity in other property, which Pillarview was able to leverage against in a second mortgage position to enable funding for 100% of the purchase price, as well as set up costs and interest for the full term.
This allowed the Borrower to keep his cash reserves for other investment purposes.
BRISBANE east
Loan Limit: $2,077,000.00
LVR: 65% of as-if-complete
Security: First Mortgage
Investor IRR: 9.00% p.a.
Term: 6 months
The Borrower approached Pillarview to assist with the refinance of an existing construction loan from a private lender. Due to some delays the Borrower had experienced in starting the project, works were approximately 50% completed when the outgoing facility was due to expire.
As the Borrower had obtained pre sales sufficient to provide over 100% debt cover, Pillarivew was able to provide a loan to assist with the refinance, and fund the remainder of the project works.
This loan was repaid via a refinance from another Lender, and all capital was returned to the investors, together with all interest from the term of the loan.
outer brisbane
Loan Limit: $1,950,000.00
LVR: 47%
Security: First Mortgage
Investor IRR: 8.29% p.a.
Term: 12 months
Whilst the Borrower did not have experience in delivering projects as large as this 15 Lot residential subdivision, he had completed many smaller scale developments, had a high amount of equity in the project, and had presold 7 of the 15 Lots providing almost full coverage of the debt.
Pillarview provided a construction loan at a 47% LVR to assist with the completion of the project.
The Borrower fully sold the remaining Lots during construction, with the exception of two which were retained for longer term investment.
The loan was repaid using proceeds from the sales upon completion.
BRISBANE SOUTH
Loan Limit: $1,900,000.00
LVR: 65% of as-if-complete
Security: First Mortgage
Investor IRR: 9.77% p.a.
Term: 12 months
Pillarview provided a construction loan to assist with a 15 small-lot residential subdivision in Brisbane's south.
The Borrower wanted to market and sell the project during construction in order to maximise the sale prices, rather than obtain presales.
Pillarview provided a loan with No Presale condition.
The developer sold all stock during the term and fully repaid the Pillarview debt within 3 weeks of titles issuing.
inner brisbane sth
Loan Limit: $5,000,000
LVR: 46%, including first mortgage debt
Security: First Mortgage
Investor IRR: 16.0% p.a.
Term: 12 months
The loan was a ‘cash-out’ facility against existing unencumbered assets in order to purchase another property.
This short-term loan was repaid via the sale of the subject security properties.
Return to our investors was substantially higher than first targeted.
Outer Brisbane
Loan Limit: $250,000
LVR: 20%
Security: First Mortgage
Investor IRR: 7.50% p.a.
Term: 12 months
This was a small loan to enable the borrower to invest in an I.T. start-up venture.
The loan was secured by an unencumbered commercial property owned by the Borrower.
Monthly interest was met by the Borrower, and Pillarview managed the loan throughout the term to ensure the Borrower remained compliant with the conditions of the loan.
The loan was repaid via the refinance from a mainstream lender.
Mezzanine finance melbourne
Loan Limit: $550,000
LVR: 65% including 1st mortgage debt
Security: Second Mortgage
Investor IRR: 20.0% p.a.
Term: 12 months
The loan was secured by a second mortgage, behind a major bank, to assist with the construction of a 128 place child-care centre.
The loan enabled the Borrower to recoup some of the construction costs they had paid using their own cash resources, allowing them to reserve these funds for other active projects.
The Borrower had obtained a precommitment from a national child care centre operator to lease the property upon completion.
With this in place, the freehold child care centre was sold above valuation, and all capital and interest was repaid to investors within the loan term using settlement proceeds.
brisbane north
Loan Limit: $1,250,000
LVR: 45% of the as-if-complete value
Security: First Mortgage
Investor IRR: 12.48% p.a.
Term: 14 months
We provided a Construction Loan to assist with the subdivision of nine residential Lots in an outer suburb North of Brisbane.
All stock was sold during the construction period, and the loan was repaid from sales proceeds upon completion.
brisbane
east
Loan Limit: $2,326,117
LVR: 65% of the as-if-complete value
Security: First Mortgage
Investor IRR: 8.61% p.a.
Term: 9 months
A progressively-drawn Construction Loan was given to assist with a 9-Lot residential subdivision in Brisbane’s East.
Two complying pre-sales were held before settlement.
The Borrower completed the development on time and on budget, and sold all Lots during the construction period.
The loan was repaid via the sale of the completed residential allotments with all capital and interest paid to the investors prior to the end of the Loan Term.
Note: Since Pillarview’s terms range from 6-12 months, each of our loans issued in calendar year 2024 are still active. See our “Active” page for details on these deals.
2023
sunshine coast
Loan Limit: $3,476,900
LVR: 70% of as if complete
Security: First Mortgage
Investor IRR: 9.87% p.a.
Term: 15 months
The Borrower was a repeat client of Pillarview who had proven their development expertise, and ability to successfully repay debt within arrangements.
Pillarview had initially provided a loan to assist with the purchase of the residential development site which had not yet had Development Approval granted.
The Borrower obtained the DA and negotiated a building contract during the term of the original loan. Subsequently, this loan was refinanced internally to assist with the delivery of the subdivision project.
Upon completion of the project, the loan was repaid with a residual stock loan against the individually titled allotments.
Inner City Brisbane
Loan Limit: $5,850,000
LVR: 36% of the as-is value
Security: First Mortgage
Investor IRR: 10.08% p.a.
Term: 12 months
PillarView provided a loan to refinance the Borrower's existing debt facility against a DA Approved site in inner Brisbane, and provide a 'cash-out' to assist with development costs associated with the project. The loan was a low 36% LVR against the as-is security value.
The site is located in a Priority Development Area of Brisbane and benefitted from an existing DA for the construction of 136 residential units.
A minor change application had been made to alter the configuration and enable a greater Gross Realisation.
The 12-month term was provided to allow the Borrower to obtain the Minor Change Approval, negotiate a building contract, market the end produce, and obtain the required approvals to begin construction.
The loan was repaid within arrangements, prior to the expiry date.
inner brisbane
Loan Limit: $5,015,000
LVR: 71.6% of the as-is value
Security: First Mortgage
Investor IRR: 9.48% p.a.
Term: 9 months
The Borrower was an experienced commercial property leasing agent and commercial property developer.
The loan was provided to refinance existing bank debt and was secured by a first mortgage over the subject commercial property, and a 2nd mortgage over the Borrower's residence.
During the 9-month loan term, the Borrower marketed and obtained pre-committed lease agreements and finalised the costings for the refurbishment of the building and tenancy areas, after which time, he was able to repay the Pillarview debt with a construction loan from another Lender.
REGIONAL QLD
Loan Limit: $1,120,000
LVR: 70% of the as-is value
Security: First Mortgage
Investor IRR: 10.08% p.a.
Term: 6 months
The purpose of this loan was to assist with the purchase of a commercial development site which had Development Approval to be subdivided into three Lots.
Proposed Lot 1 was to be a future residential subdivision site; Proposed Lot 2 had a further Approval for a 99-place child care facility and Proposed Lot 3 was intended to be a future commercial development site.
The loan was repaid by the Borrower within arrangements before the expiry date.
Greater Brisbane
Loan Limit: $4,830,000
LVR: 62.6% of the as-is value
Security: First Mortgage
Investor IRR: 12.2% p.a.
Term: 12 months
This loan was provided to enable repayment of debt, and division of assets following a marital separation.
The loan was secured by 1st mortgages over two commercial- and three residential- properties throughout greater Brisbane. Additional 'makeweight' security was taken in the form of a 2nd mortgage over a luxury residential dwelling in Brisbane city.
The Borrower sold two of the security properties during the loan term to reduce debt, and subsequently refinanced Pillarview’s loan with a loan from another lender.
OUTER BRISBANE STH
Loan Limit: $2,010,000
LVR: 55% of the as-is value
Security: First Mortgage
Investor IRR: 8.09% p.a.
Term: 6 months
This loan was provided to assist with the sale of the subject property to a related party, as part of a wider group restructure.
The security property had been earmarked for future development; the loan term allowed sufficient time for the Borrower to obtain the required approvals and negotiate a construction contract to build a large-scale self-storage facility.
Pillarview's solution provided the Borrower with flexibility and a higher level of gearing than would have been achievable from a more mainstream Lender.
The loan was repaid within the term, with a construction loan from a mainstream lender.
2022
SUNSHINE COAST
Loan Limit: $1,339,000.00
LVR: 65% of the as-is value
Security: First Mortgage
Investor IRR: 8.50%
Term: 12 months
This was a loan provided to a previous Pillarview Borrower, to assist with the purchase of a future residential subdivision site in the Sunshine Coast.
Pillarview was able to offer higher gearing than the rest of the market based on the quality of the asset, and the proven track record of the Borrower. This minimised the cash required from the Borrower.
The loan was refinanced with a construction loan from Pillarview.
BRISBANE WEST
Loan Limit: $1,170,000
LVR: 83.6% of the as-is value
Security: Second Mortgage
Investor IRR: 23.8% p.a.
Term: 6 months
The Borrower is an experienced developer who had several projects underway. The Pillarview loan was required to assist with the refinance of the land debt, and was secured by a 2nd mortgage against the 7 townhouse project, behind a well regarded first mortgage construction lender.
Additional gearing was required by the Borrower to enable him to maximise cashflow, and see his existing projects through to completion. Additional mortgages were taken over the Borrower's other residential assets, providing makeweight security, and enabling an LVR of 83.6% of the as if complete value.
The loan was refinanced at the end of the loan term.
Brisbane inner
Loan Limit: $1,300,000
LVR: 65% of the as-is value
Security: First Mortgage
Investor IRR: 8.81% p.a.
Term: 6 months
The Borrower was an experienced developer and project manager, who had also borrowed from Pillarview in the past.
The loan was provided to assist with the purchase of a Queenslander on an 800m2 site.
The term of the loan was sufficient for the Borrower to obtain a Development Approval for the subdivision of the site and construction of a new dwelling.
The loan was successfully repaid within all arrangements, via a new construction loan from another lender
sunshine coast
Loan Limit: $1,573,325
LVR: 65% of the as-is value
Security: First Mortgage
Investor IRR: 8.50% p.a.
Term: 6 months
This was another loan to a repeat PillarView Borrower who, time and again, has proven his ability to deliver on his projects and repay debt within arrangements.
The purpose of this loan was to assist with the purchase of a residential development site, which had not yet had Development Approval granted.
The property was improved with two residences in good condition, enabling Pillarview to offer higher gearing than would normally be available against a pre-DA site.
This allowed the Borrower to complete the sale while maximising his cash position.
The Borrower obtained a Development Approval for the subdivision of the site, and after negotiating a construction contract with a civil contractor to complete the works, the loan was refinanced internally by Pillarview, with a new construction loan.
BRISBANE east
Loan Limit: $2,077,000.00
LVR: 65% of as-if-complete
Security: First Mortgage
Investor IRR: 9.35% p.a.
Term: 6 months
The Borrower approached Pillarview to assist with the refinance of an existing construction loan from a private lender. Due to some delays the Borrower had experienced in starting the project, works were approximately 50% completed when the outgoing facility was due to expire.
As the Borrower had obtained pre sales sufficient to provide over 100% debt cover, Pillarivew was able to provide a loan to assist with the refinance, and fund the remainder of the project works.
This loan was repaid via a refinance from another Lender, and all capital was returned to the investors, together with all interest from the term of the loan.
BRISBANE EAST
Loan Limit: $2,160,000.00
LVR: 65% of the as-if-complete valuation
Security: First Mortgage
Investor IRR: 8.45% p.a.
Term: 15 months
The Borrower had applied to Pillarview for a construction loan to assist with his 4-townhouse project after he had received a valuation which provided lower values for the completed townhouses than anticipated.
The Borrower had obtained qualifying presales at a significantly higher price than the value assessed by a valuer and, as such, PillarView was able to assess the project and its profitability against the selling price rather than the valuation, and provide a loan which would be unavailable from another lender.
The Borrower successfully completed and sold the project and the debt was repaid from the proceeds of the completed stock.
GREATER BRISBANE
Loan Limit: $750,000
LVR: 82.5% of the as-is value
Security: Second Mortgage
Investor IRR: 25.0% p.a.
Term: 6 months
Pillarview's ethos rests on building quality relationships with our Investors, our Borrowers and other professionals, and we are proud to have repeat Borrowers who trust us to provide fair and equitable loan terms in market leading timeframes.
This loan was provided to a repeat Borrower to assist with the purchase of a development site. The site was identified and placed under contract with an extended settlement timeframe, however due to delays the completion and subsequent sale of two of his existing projects, he did not have the available funds to complete the purchase at the required date.
This loan was secured by 2nd mortgages against the subject site, as well as other assets owned by the Borrower, and enabled the Borrower to draw on this equity and complete the sale.
The loan was successfully repaid following the completion and sale of his other projects.
brisbane nth bayside
Loan Limit: $1,700,000
LVR: 65% of the as-is value
Security: First Mortgage
Investor IRR: 8.13% p.a.
Term: 6 months
This loan was provided to a repeat Borrower to assist with the purchase of a residential dwelling on two Lots.
The 6-month loan term was provided to give the Borrower sufficient time to lodge and obtain the required approvals to demolish the existing house and build two new dwellings.
As intended, once the approvals were held, this loan was refinanced via a construction loan from another financier.
inner BRISBANE nth
Loan Limit: $3,250,000.00
LVR: 57% of the total security
Security: Second Mortgage
Investor IRR: 14.05%
Term: 6 months
The Borrower approached Pillarview after being let down by their existing financier who declined his application for finance to purchase a development site in Brisbane's Inner North only 2 weeks before settlement was to occur.
The Borrower had equity in other property, which Pillarview was able to leverage against in a second mortgage position to enable funding for 100% of the purchase price, as well as set up costs and interest for the full term.
This allowed the Borrower to keep his cash reserves for other investment purposes.
Various interstate
Loan Limit: $1,933,750.00
LVR: 65% of the as-is value
Security: First Mortgage
Investor IRR: 8.13% p.a.
Term: 6 months
The loan was provided to assist with the purchase of two childcare development sites, located in regional QLD and NSW. An unencumbered development site in regional QLD was used as additional security. The Borrower is a highly experienced child care centre developer, and Pillarivew was willing to lend against the regional sites given their proven track record of successfully delivering similar child care projects in similar locations.
This loan was repaid via the refinance with a construciton loan from another Lender as planned, with capital and income being paid to our investors.
brisbane south
Loan Limit: $624,000
LVR: 65% of the as-is value
Security: First Mortgage
Investor IRR: 8.40% p.a.
Term: 6 months
This loan was provided to a repeat Borrower to assist with the purchase of a future development site.
The six-month loan term was provided to allow the Borrower to obtain a Development Approval for the subdivision of the site to create six residential land Lots.
The Borrower repaid the loan within the loan term.
Regional QLD
Loan Limit: $1,102,760
LVR: 70% of the as-is value
Security: First Mortgage
Investor IRR: 9.52% p.a.
Term: 9 months
The Borrower was a highly experienced developer whose business model is to identify and acquire childcare development sites, negotiate agreements for Lease with established National childcare operators, and then purpose-build childcare centres according to these tenants' specifications.
The purpose of the loan was to assist with the finalisation of the Development Approvals on the two properties, as well as provide reimbursement for the costs met by the Borrower to date for the two other projects under construction.
The loan was secured by two such sites which were owned by the Borrower unencumbered. In this instance, Pillarview was able to extend a 70% LVR against the regional properties on the basis of the Borrower's financial strength, and their experience, displayed by their proven track record delivering such developments.
Pillarview requires a clear exit strategy for all its loans. The 9-month term provided the Borrower sufficient time to obtain Development Approvals from Council, and negotiate building contracts for the delivery of the proposed centres, after which time the loan was refinanced with a construction loan from a mainstream lender.
Sunshine coast
Loan Limit: $1,380,000
LVR: 51% of the as-is value
Security: First Mortgage
Investor IRR: 10.08% p.a.
Term: 6 months
This loan was provided to assist with the purchase of a residential investment property in South Australia. The loan itself was secured by the Borrower's property in the Sunshine Coast area.
This bridging type loan fully-funded the purchase price of the new property, and allowed the Borrower to move quickly in making an offer and completing the purchase.
The loan featured prepaid interest for the full 6-month term, and was successfully repaid within arrangements upon the sale of the Sunshine Coast property.
noosaville
Loan Limit: $1,836,250.00
LVR: 65%
Security: First Mortgage
Investor IRR: 8.0%
Term: 12 months
Pillarview was approached by a Broker who had a loan application declined by a major bank just a week before settlement of the property purchase was due.
Pillarview was able to approve the loan application, raise funds from our Membership base, document the loan and be ready for settlement within 6 days of first contact.
This enabled the purchase to go ahead as planned, and prevented the Borrower from potentially losing the deposit he had paid under the terms of the Contract of Sale.
This loan was refinanced by another lender following the initial loan term.
brisbane north
Loan Limit: $1,700,000
LVR: 41% on completion
Security: First Mortgage
Investor IRR: 8.48% p.a.
Term: 9months
This loan was part of a wider re-structure for the Borrower, which provided a refinance and equity release, enabling one business partner to buy out the other.
Loan funds were then used to complete construction of a commercial asset.
This loan was refinanced by a major bank upon completion of works.
All capital and interest was successfully paid to investors prior to the expiry of the loan term.
2021
BRISBANE inner west
Loan Limit: $8,893,000.00
LVR: 65% of as-if-complete
Security: First mortgage
Investor IRR: 11.13%
Term: 9 months
Pillarview provided a loan to assist with the acquisition of the riverfront development site in Brisbane, and the subsequent subdivision into 5 large residential Lots.
Pillarview did not require presales, based on the high demand of the as-if-complete product, and on the strength of the Borrower.
Four of the five Lots were sold during the loan term, with the Borrower choosing to retain the fifth.
The loan was fully repaid within arrangements upon completion of the project.
SOUTH WEST SYDNEY
Loan Limit: $860,000.00
LVR: 34% of the as-is value
Security: First Mortgage
Investor IRR: 8.75%
Term: 18 months
This loan provided 'cash-out' against an unencumbered club premises, to assist with the refurbishment to the internal fitout of the building. Since the Borrower is a registered club and not a proprietary company, Personal Guarantees from the Directors were not able to be offered as security for the loan.
Pillarview was able to to waive the requirement for Personal Guarantees based on the strengths of the transaction, including the very low LVR of < 35% of the security value.
BRISBANE north
Loan Limit: $1,506,655.00
LVR: 70% of as-if-complete
Security: First Mortgage
Investor IRR: 7.85% p.a.
Term: 7 months
This construction loan was provided to assist with a 5 Lot residential subdivision in a high-growth suburb in North Brisbane.
The Borrower had marketed and obtained presales for four out of the five Lots, resulting in over 100% debt cover on the proposed debt. Pillarview was able to provide a market-leading 70% LVR based on the presale position, the experience of the Borrower, and the involvement of a well-known and experienced civil contractor.
The developer experienced some delays during construction and a short extension was provided. The loan was successfully repaid from sales proceeds upon completion.
BRISBANE SOUTH
Loan Limit: $735,000.00
LVR: 65% of the as-is value
Security: First Mortgage
Investor IRR: 7.85% p.a.
Term: 6 months
The loan was used to purchase a splitter-block in Brisbane's inner south.
The Borrower subsequently demolished the existing post-war house, and subdivided the land using his own cash resources.
The loan term of 6 months allowed sufficient time for the Borrower to sub-divide and obtain sealed plans for two separate titles. Once this had occurred, the loan was refinanced with a construction loan from a major bank.
BRISBANE NORTH
Loan Limit: $1,240,275.00
LVR: 60% of the as-is value
Security: First Mortgage
Investor IRR: 8.85%
Term: 6 months
This loan was provided to assist with the purchase of a DA Approved subdivision site.
The Borrower was a managed investment entity, and therefore the Directors were not willing to provide personal guarantees as security for the loan.
Pillarview was able to offer a loan at 60% gearing, with no recourse to the Directors of the Borrower, based on the group's development experence, and the quality of the asset.
The Borrower amended the DA to achieve a higher yield, and subsequently sold the site and repaid all debt within the loan term.
BRISBANE South
Loan Limit: $2,256,500.00
LVR: 70% of as-if-complete
Security: First Mortgage
Investor IRR: 7.79% p.a.
Term: 7 months
This construction loan was provided to assist with a 7 Lot residential subdivision in Brisbane's south.
The Borrower had marketed and obtained presales for four out of the seven Lots, resulting in approximately 80% coverage of the proposed debt. With the presales in place, and an experienced contractor engaged to complete the works, Pillarview was able to provide high gearing of 70% LVR.
The developer experienced some delays due to heavy weather, however was able to successfully manage the project and repay all debt within arrangements upon completion
inner brisbane
Loan Limit: $887,250.00
LVR: 65% of the as-is value
Security: First Mortgage
Investor IRR: 7.85% p.a.
Term: 6 months
Pillarview provided a loan to assist with the purchase a future residential development site, comprised of two neighbouring properties.
The loan term was sufficient to allow the Borrower to obtain a DA for the construction of six townhouses and negotiate a fixed price building contract for the works.
The Borrower took advantage of the rising property market and sold the two properties as-is and fully repaid the loan.
BRISBANE south
Loan Limit: $971,250.00
LVR: 65% of the as-is value
Security: First Mortgage
Investor IRR: 7.75% p.a.
Term: 12 months
This loan was provided to assist with the purchase of vacant land childcare development site.
The loan term allowed sufficient time for the Borrower to obtain a DA and negotiate a build contract for the construction of the child care centre.
The loan was subsequently repaid via a refinance with a construction loan from a major bank.
WEST MELBOURNE
Loan Limit: $5,890,000.00
LVR: 66.6%
Security: First Mortgage
Investor IRR: 6.55%
Term: 13 months
Pillarview provided a construction loan to assist with the construction of a 146-place childcare centre in Victoria.
The Borrower was a highly experienced child care centre developer, and had also secured a tenant to lease the child care centre upon completion on attractive terms, as well as a presale for the centre upon completion.
Based on these clear exit strategies, Pillarview was able to offer higher gearing than a mainstream Lender.
BRISBANE north
Loan Limit: $1,673,750.00
LVR: 65% of the as-is value
Security: First Mortgage
Investor IRR: 7.50% p.a.
Term: 12 months
PillarView provided a loan to assist with the purchase of a childcare development site.
The loan term allowed sufficient time for the Borrower to obtain a DA and negotiate a building contract for the construction of the child care centre, after which time, the loan was refinanced with a construction loan from another Lender.
BRISBANE SOUTH
Loan Limit: $1,900,000.00
LVR: 65% of as-if-complete
Security: First Mortgage
Investor IRR: 9.77% p.a.
Term: 12 months
Pillarview provided a construction loan to assist with a 15 small-lot residential subdivision in Brisbane's south.
The Borrower wanted to market and sell the project during construction in order to maximise the sale prices, rather than obtain presales.
Pillarview provided a loan with No Presale condition.
The developer sold all stock during the term and fully repaid the Pillarview debt within 3 weeks of titles issuing.
2020
outer brisbane
Loan Limit: $1,950,000.00
LVR: 47%
Security: First Mortgage
Investor IRR: 8.29% p.a.
Term: 12 months
Whilst the Borrower did not have experience in delivering projects as large as this 15 Lot residential subdivision, he had completed many smaller scale developments, had a high amount of equity in the project, and had presold 7 of the 15 Lots providing almost full coverage of the debt.
Pillarview provided a construction loan at a 47% LVR to assist with the completion of the project.
The Borrower fully sold the remaining Lots during construction, with the exception of two which were retained for longer term investment.
The loan was repaid using proceeds from the sales upon completion.
Mezzanine finance melbourne
Loan Limit: $550,000
LVR: 65% including 1st mortgage debt
Security: Second Mortgage
Investor IRR: 20.0% p.a.
Term: 12 months
The loan was secured by a second mortgage, behind a major bank, to assist with the construction of a 128 place child-care centre.
The loan enabled the Borrower to recoup some of the construction costs they had paid using their own cash resources, allowing them to reserve these funds for other active projects.
The Borrower had obtained a precommitment from a national child care centre operator to lease the property upon completion.
With this in place, the freehold child care centre was sold above valuation, and all capital and interest was repaid to investors within the loan term using settlement proceeds.
inner brisbane sth
Loan Limit: $5,000,000
LVR: 46%, including first mortgage debt
Security: First Mortgage
Investor IRR: 16.0% p.a.
Term: 12 months
The loan was a ‘cash-out’ facility against existing unencumbered assets in order to purchase another property.
This short-term loan was repaid via the sale of the subject security properties.
Return to our investors was substantially higher than first targeted.
brisbane
east
Loan Limit: $2,326,117
LVR: 65% of the as-if-complete value
Security: First Mortgage
Investor IRR: 8.61% p.a.
Term: 9 months
A progressively-drawn Construction Loan was given to assist with a 9-Lot residential subdivision in Brisbane’s East.
Two complying pre-sales were held before settlement.
The Borrower completed the development on time and on budget, and sold all Lots during the construction period.
The loan was repaid via the sale of the completed residential allotments with all capital and interest paid to the investors prior to the end of the Loan Term.
newcastle
Loan Limit: $1,950,000
LVR: 56% of the as-is value
Security: First Mortgage
Investor IRR: 8.0% p.a.
Term: 12 months
This loan was given to refinance an existing land bank facility, secured by a master-planned future residential development site.
The Borrower was a very experienced and prolific developer.
The loan was repaid using cash resources following the completion and sale of another development project.
2019
Outer Brisbane
Loan Limit: $250,000
LVR: 20%
Security: First Mortgage
Investor IRR: 7.50% p.a.
Term: 12 months
This was a small loan to enable the borrower to invest in an I.T. start-up venture.
The loan was secured by an unencumbered commercial property owned by the Borrower.
Monthly interest was met by the Borrower, and Pillarview managed the loan throughout the term to ensure the Borrower remained compliant with the conditions of the loan.
The loan was repaid via the refinance from a mainstream lender.
MEZZANINE FINANCE Melbourne
Loan Limit: $2,649,320
LVR: 60%, including first mortgage debt
Security: Second Mortgage
Investor IRR: 16.0% p.a.
Term: 12 months
Pillarview provided a second mortgage loan facility, behind a major bank's construction loan, to assist with the internal fitout of a medical centre.
This enabled the fitout to be completed while the building itself was under construction, allowing the Borrower to occupy the premises immediately upon completion.
The loan was refinanced via a term loan from a major bank upon completion of the property, and once the premises was fully leased.
brisbane
east
Loan Limit: $2,326,117
LVR: 65% of the as-if-complete value
Security: First Mortgage
Investor IRR: 8.61% p.a.
Term: 9 months
A progressively-drawn Construction Loan was given to assist with a 9-Lot residential subdivision in Brisbane’s East.
Two complying pre-sales were held before settlement.
The Borrower completed the development on time and on budget, and sold all Lots during the construction period.
The loan was repaid via the sale of the completed residential allotments with all capital and interest paid to the investors prior to the end of the Loan Term.